Dear TER members...

I wanted clarify some issues related to STD risk. As an employee of an NGO the does International HIV/AIDS prevention work, I have learned some of the following factoids that I have not seen in prior postings on this subject (Through UNAIDS, CDC, and other sources).

Condom efficacy - How effective are condoms?

Condoms are highly effective at preventing STD transmission assuming that they are used correctly and consistently. With the assumption of correct use (no excessive air in resevoir, no teeth used when opening condom thus weakening condom intergrity, etc) then condoms are about 98-99% effective.

If you remove the assumption of correct usage, then the effectiveness drops to about 90%. (Most men think they know how to put on a condom, but many do not. Providers tend to do a better job).

Male Circumcision a factor?

Yes...Recent randomized controlled trials (sources available upon request) indicate that men who are circumcised may have more resistance (on the order of 50-75% less likely) to HIV/Transmission (as well as HPV and possibly other STDs as well). Why? the foreskin has Langerhans cells which are more susceptible to absorbing HIV). However, do not conclude that because you are circumcised that you need not use a condom.

Providers as high risk groups?

Many prior posts indicate that the chances of contracting an STD are quite low. One must factor in that people with multiple partners are more likely to have STDs (including providers and their clients). Multiple partnering is probably the greatest risk factor, after condom use.